Maritime inspection · Norway

Ship Thickness Measurement at the Head of Ranfjorden: Mo i Rana's Ore, Steel and Bulk Trade

Mo i Rana sits at the head of Ranfjorden, just south of the Arctic Circle, and its port exists to serve heavy industry: iron ore concentrate from Rana Gruber, reinforcing steel from Celsa's scrap-fed mill and ferroalloys from the smelters of Mo Industrial Park. Bulk carriers and general cargo ships come up the fjord to load or discharge, and the time they spend alongside is the gauging window. Technicians are mobilised from India for each vessel; Atlantis keeps no one in Rana.

Holds measured between cargoes

Ships discharging raw materials for the smelters, or scrap for the steel mill, end up with empty holds before they sail or reload. That gap, with holds swept and lit, is the time to gauge tank tops, hopper plating and lower frames scarred by grabs.

Hatch covers on a dry-cargo trade

Ore concentrate has to stay dry on passage, so hatch covers and coamings matter more on this trade than on most. Cover plating, coaming plates and stays, and the drain channels where wastage usually starts, can be gauged while a ship waits for its loading slot.

Steel products and heavy tank tops

Rebar and steel products shipped from the industrial park travel in general cargo and multipurpose ships whose tank tops take heavy point loads. Tank-top and double-bottom readings, with crack detection at tween-deck supports, suit the period before stowage begins.

Inspection services for ships at Mo i Rana

Each service has its own page with the method, the class requirements and what the report contains.

Ultrasonic Thickness Measurement (UTM)

Hull, tank, deck and bulkhead gauging recorded on the class thickness-measurement formats, with sketches and corrosion flagged against the allowable margins.

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Special Survey Thickness Measurement

Gauging for the 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25-year special (renewal) surveys and intermediate surveys, plus pre-docking steel estimates.

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CAS (Condition Assessment Scheme)

Thickness measurement and survey support for the IMO Condition Assessment Scheme, and what CAS asks of an older tanker today.

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CAP Thickness Measurement

Gauging and close-up survey data for a Condition Assessment Programme, the voluntary class service charterers ask for on older tankers and bulk carriers.

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ESP Gauging

Thickness measurement and close-up survey support for oil tankers, chemical tankers and bulk carriers under the ESP Code.

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Hull Structural Integrity

Substantial and excessive corrosion, pitting, grooving, buckling and fatigue cracks, with magnetic particle and penetrant crack detection.

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Ship Piping Inspection

Wall-thickness gauging of cargo, ballast, fuel, sea-water and fire-main piping, with minimum-wall checks and isometric sketches.

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Scrubber Piping Inspection

EGCS wash-water and overboard discharge piping, the hull penetration area and scrubber welds, checked between dockings.

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IHM (Inventory of Hazardous Materials)

IHM Part I surveys, sampling and maintenance for the EU Ship Recycling Regulation and the Hong Kong Convention.

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Marine NDT Services

Every NDT method we use on ships, from visual inspection and MPI to PAUT and ACFM, chosen by the defect you are looking for.

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Mo i Rana: an industrial port at the end of a long fjord

Ranfjorden cuts deep into the mainland from the Helgeland coast, and Mo i Rana lies at its innermost end, where the Ranelva river meets the fjord. Ships reach the town after a long passage between steep mountainsides with a pilot aboard, so a call here is never a quick detour from the coastal route, and the fjord passage adds hours to each end of the voyage. The town grew around Norsk Jernverk, the state ironworks founded in 1946, and when the ironworks was broken up at the end of the 1980s its site became Mo Industrial Park, which today houses more than a hundred companies. The port that once served the ironworks now serves its successors. For a superintendent that long approach has one advantage: once a ship is up the fjord, it is committed to staying for its cargo.

The cargo is heavy and specific. Rana Gruber mines iron ore at Storforshei, north of the town, and brings the concentrate down by rail for shipment, making ore a major outbound flow carried in bulk carriers. Celsa melts scrap into reinforcing bar, Elkem Rana produces ferrosilicon and another smelter in the park makes manganese alloys; their raw materials, quartz, coal, coke and ore among them, arrive by sea, and much of their output leaves the same way. Short-sea general cargo and multipurpose ships carry steel and alloys to customers in Europe, and coasters bring in scrap and supplies. The coastal express does not call here and cruise visits are occasional, so the quays belong almost entirely to industry. Each of these trades marks a ship in its own way, from abrasive ore and grab damage to the point loads of steel bundles on a tank top.

Winters at the head of the fjord are colder and snowier than on the outer coast, because the mountains hold back much of the sea's moderating influence. The port works through the winter, but snow on hatch covers and decks, couplant that stiffens in the cold and condensation on steel brought into warm spaces are practical issues a gauging team plans for. Mo i Rana is south of the Arctic Circle, so the sun rises every day of the year, though in December it gives only a few hours of low light. In summer the fjord is usually calm and daylight lasts through the night, which makes long deck and hatch-cover scopes easier to finish within a single call. Autumn brings rain and low cloud down the fjord, which slows deck work less than snow but still means surfaces must be dried before readings are taken.

Where a ship can be gauged in Mo i Rana

Gauging in Mo i Rana is done alongside the industrial quays, during cargo operations or while a ship waits for cargo, and the ore berth and the general cargo quays each offer a different window. A bulk carrier arriving in ballast to load ore has clean, empty holds, and if loading is held up by rail deliveries or weather the holds can be measured before the first cargo goes in. A ship discharging raw materials offers the reverse: holds become available once the last grab load is out and the tank top has been swept.

Mo i Rana has no dry dock for seagoing cargo ships, so dockings take place at yards elsewhere on the Norwegian coast, in the Baltic or further afield, as the owner chooses. Ships that call repeatedly on contract trades give an owner the chance to spread a renewal-survey gauging programme over several calls, with the readings collected into one report for the docking yard. Ballast tank work needs more preparation than hold work, because the tanks must be emptied, ventilated and tested safe for entry, and that is easier to arrange on a ship that is waiting than on one loading against the clock.

  • Ore loading berth — cargo-hold, hopper and topside plating gauged on bulk carriers that arrive in ballast, before loading begins.
  • Industrial park general cargo quays — tank-top, double-bottom and tween-deck readings on multipurpose ships loading steel and alloys.
  • Raw-material discharge berths — hold frames and tank tops measured after discharge, where grabs and abrasive cargo leave damage.
  • Hatch covers and coamings at any berth — panel, coaming and drain-channel gauging while a ship waits for cargo.
  • Ships waiting alongside for rail cargo — ballast tank and engine-room piping gauging when the stay allows tanks to be prepared.

Thickness measurement through the survey cycle at Mo i Rana

Class rules set the survey cycle, and the cycle sets how much gauging a ship needs. A superintendent planning a call at Mo i Rana usually knows which survey is due; the table shows what the thickness measurement for each one typically involves. The exact extent comes from the class rules for the ship type and the surveyor attending, so the thickness measurement programme is agreed with the class before work starts.

SurveyWhen it fallsWhat the thickness measurement usually covers
Annual surveyEvery year, within three months of the anniversary dateGeneral examination. Gauging where the surveyor finds suspect areas or where substantial corrosion was recorded at an earlier survey.
Intermediate surveyIn place of the second or third annual surveySuspect areas, and on older ships and ESP ships selected ballast and cargo spaces with close-up survey; the extent grows with age.
Renewal survey No. 1Around 5 yearsThe first full baseline: suspect areas and selected plating and stiffeners, usually with modest steel renewal.
Renewal survey No. 2Around 10 yearsWider gauging of deck, bottom and side plating, transverse sections across the cargo area on ESP ships, and more close-up survey.
Renewal survey No. 3Around 15 yearsExtensive gauging of cargo and ballast tank structure and more transverse sections. The survey most likely to turn up steel renewal.
Renewal survey No. 4 and laterAround 20 and 25 yearsGauging extended to most structural members in cargo and ballast spaces. Charterers often add a Condition Assessment Programme.
Docking surveyTwice in each five-year periodBottom and side shell, sea chests, rudder and stern area while the hull is dry; suspect bottom plating gauged.

Bulk trades, port state control and dry cargo at Mo i Rana

Foreign ships at Mo i Rana come under Paris MoU port state control, which the Norwegian Maritime Authority carries out. Bulk carriers older than twelve years fall into the Paris MoU's expanded-inspection category, and their holds, hatch covers and ballast tanks are exactly what an inspector looks at closely. A ship whose owner holds recent thickness readings for those areas is better placed to answer questions about wasted frames and coamings before they turn into deficiencies, and the same readings feed the Enhanced Survey Programme file that every bulk carrier keeps.

Iron ore concentrate is one of the cargoes the IMSBC Code lists as able to liquefy if its moisture content is too high, which is one reason masters and shippers here care so much about keeping holds dry. Seawater entering through a corroded coaming or a distorted cover panel is a cargo problem as well as a structural one. Norway also takes part in the EU emissions trading system through the EEA Agreement, so emissions on voyages to and from Mo i Rana are now accounted for, and owners deciding whether an older bulk carrier deserves further investment often begin with a fresh set of thickness readings.

Wherever a ship is outside a sulphur emission control area, the global 0.50% sulphur cap applies, and many of the ships calling at Mo i Rana meet it with an exhaust gas cleaning system rather than compliant fuel. Scrubber wash-water piping, the overboard discharge and the hull penetration around it corrode quickly in service, especially on open-loop systems, and are worth adding to the gauging scope.

Typical gauging work on ships calling at Mo i Rana

Most work here is focused rather than exhaustive. A superintendent sends a ship up the fjord for a cargo, knows it will be alongside for a day or two, and asks for the areas that most need attention: holds damaged by grabs at the last discharge port, hatch covers that have leaked, a ballast tank flagged at the previous survey. When a ship trades to Mo i Rana regularly, scopes are planned call by call so that, over several visits, the whole of the next renewal survey programme is covered and handed to the docking yard as one set of readings. Examples:

  • A bulk carrier waiting for ore: hold side frames, brackets and hopper plating gauged on arrival in ballast, with grab damage recorded.
  • A multipurpose ship loading rebar: tank-top and double-bottom readings and MPI at tween-deck pontoon supports before stowage starts.
  • A geared bulk carrier after discharging raw materials: tank tops and lower stools in the swept holds, plus crane pedestal plating.
  • Hatch cover and coaming gauging on a ship with a history of wet-cargo claims, ahead of loading concentrate.
  • Pre-purchase readings on a bulk carrier making its last call under the selling owner before delivery to its buyers.

How a thickness measurement job runs at Mo i Rana

A gauging job at Mo i Rana runs the same way whatever the ship type. The sequence below is what the superintendent, the attending surveyor and the yard can expect from us.

Mo i Rana has its own regional airport with domestic connections, and Bodø and Trondheim, with wider flight networks, are within reach by road or by rail on the Nordland Line, which runs through the town. Access to the industrial quays is controlled, and the ship's agent registers the team with the port and the terminal operator in advance. Norway belongs to the Schengen area, so the technicians travel from India on Schengen visas, and the visa timeline is set against the ship's expected loading date as soon as the charter is fixed.

  • Send the vessel name or IMO number, ship type, class society, the survey due (annual, intermediate, renewal survey number, CAP or owner's condition survey), the port and dates, and the scope you expect.
  • We confirm the scope against the class rules for that survey, prepare the thickness measurement plan with frame and section references, and say whether the measurement will be credited to a class survey.
  • Mobilisation is planned around visa lead times and the vessel's schedule; the ship's agent arranges port access, and the yard or ship arranges staging, lighting, ventilation and gas-free certificates.
  • Gauging with calibrated ultrasonic thickness gauges: through sound coatings only where the gauge's through-coating mode has been verified on a coated reference, otherwise on cleaned bare steel, with every reading tied to its frame, strake and location on the sketch.
  • Readings are compared with original thicknesses as work proceeds; substantial and excessive corrosion and any cracks are reported to the attending surveyor and the superintendent the same day.
  • The final report is issued on the class thickness-measurement formats with sketches, a summary of locations exceeding the allowable margins, piping tables where piping was in scope, and the gauge calibration and technician certificates.

Who does the work, and when class approval applies

Atlantis mobilises its inspection team from India to the vessel, for each job. There is no office or agent at the port; the team travels to the ship, which is why the planning step comes first. Work is planned and supervised by our Responsible NDT Level III, the founder, who holds ASNT NDT Level III in UT, RT, MT, PT and VT and has more than eleven years of international field experience. Technicians are qualified and certified under the company's written practice to ASNT SNT-TC-1A, and Atlantis is certified to ISO 9001 and ISO 14001.

Thickness measurement that a classification society credits to a class survey has to be carried out by a firm approved by that society under IACS UR Z17. Atlantis is in the process of obtaining UR Z17 approval from DNV, Lloyd's Register and ABS. Until a certificate is issued, the readings we take are for the owner's own decisions, not for credit to a class survey, so tell us the vessel's class and the survey due when you enquire and we set the scope for the right purpose. Owner's and charterer's condition gauging, pre-docking steel estimates, pre-purchase and on-hire or off-hire gauging, and scrubber and piping condition checks between surveys do not need class approval.

Governing codes and standards

  • IACS UR Z7 hull classification surveys
  • IACS UR Z10.1 to Z10.5 (oil tankers, bulk carriers, chemical tankers, double-hull and double-skin ships)
  • IACS UR Z17 approval of service suppliers
  • SOLAS chapter XI-1 regulation 2 and the 2011 ESP Code
  • MARPOL Annex VI regulation 14 and the 2021 EGCS Guidelines (MEPC.340(77))
  • The rules of the vessel's classification society

What you receive

  • Thickness measurement report on the class formats, with sketches
  • Summary of substantial and excessive corrosion against allowable margins
  • Pitting and grooving records with depth and extent
  • Piping wall-thickness tables with isometric sketches
  • Magnetic particle or penetrant crack-detection reports
  • Gauge calibration records and technician certificates

Industries served

  • Bulk carriers loading iron ore concentrate
  • Geared bulk carriers
  • Multipurpose and general cargo ships
  • Short-sea coasters
  • Scrap carriers
  • Raw-material carriers for the smelters

Frequently asked questions

Can cargo holds be gauged while ore is loading at Mo i Rana?

Not in the hold being loaded, and usually not in the holds next to it while dust is in the air. The useful time is before loading starts, when a ship arrives in ballast and waits for its slot, or in holds that the loading sequence leaves until last. We agree the order with the master and the terminal so that measurement never holds up the shiploader.

Is there a dry dock in or near Mo i Rana?

There is no dry dock for seagoing cargo ships in Ranfjorden. Ships trading here dock at yards elsewhere in Norway or abroad, chosen by the owner. What Mo i Rana offers is time alongside on cargo calls, and readings collected over one or several calls can be passed to the docking yard as the basis for its steel estimate.

How does winter cold affect thickness measurement at Mo i Rana?

Cold slows the work rather than stopping it. Couplant thickens, batteries drain faster and steel brought from a frozen deck into a heated space can mist over, so the team carries cold-rated couplant and spare batteries and lets probes and surfaces settle before readings are recorded. Snow on hatch covers has to be cleared before the cover plating can be measured.

Do you look at hatch cover condition as well as thickness?

We measure the plating, stiffeners and coamings and record the corrosion and damage visible on the cover structure and drain channels, which shows the owner where weathertightness is at risk. Crack detection at cleats, hinges and coaming stays can be added. Rubber seals and compression bars remain a maintenance matter for the crew and the hatch cover maker.

Does thickness measurement at Mo i Rana need class approval?

Thickness measurement that a classification society credits to a class survey has to be carried out by a firm approved by that society under IACS UR Z17. Atlantis is in the process of obtaining UR Z17 approval from DNV, Lloyd's Register and ABS. Until a certificate is issued, the readings we take are for the owner's own decisions, not for credit to a class survey, so tell us the vessel's class and the survey due when you enquire and we set the scope for the right purpose. Owner's and charterer's condition gauging, pre-docking steel estimates, pre-purchase and on-hire or off-hire gauging, and scrubber and piping condition checks between surveys do not need class approval.

Planning a survey or a drydock?

Send the vessel name or IMO number, the class, the survey due and the port. We reply with the scope, the mobilisation plan and a quote for that vessel.

Request a Quote

Request a ship gauging quote

Send the vessel name or IMO number, the class society, the survey due and the port. We reply with the scope, the mobilisation plan and a quote for that vessel.








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