Maritime inspection · Sweden
Thickness Measurement for Ferries, Tankers and Cargo Ships in Karlshamn
Karlshamn, on the Blekinge coast, is one of the main cargo ports of south-east Sweden. Its harbour areas handle ro-pax and ro-ro ships on the DFDS route to Klaipėda, tankers at an energy port taking petroleum products, chemicals, LPG and vegetable oils, and forest products, containers and project cargo at the dry-cargo quays. Gauging is fitted around ferry turnarounds, tanker discharges and loading programmes. Atlantis does not base anyone at the port; its technicians travel from India to each vessel.
The Klaipėda ro-pax shuttle
DFDS ro-pax and ro-ro ships cross between Karlshamn and Klaipėda on a regular rotation. Trailer decks, ramps and stern doors carry heavy wheel loads on every voyage, and gauging is either fitted into the Karlshamn turnaround or planned for the docking at the end of the route.
Tankers at the energy port
Two deep-water terminals take petroleum products, chemicals, LPG and vegetable oils. Ballast tanks, void spaces and deck structure can be measured while a tanker discharges, under the terminal's rules and the ship's permit, while cargo tanks wait until the ship is gas-free.
Project cargo and heavy-lift ships
Multipurpose and heavy-lift ships calling with project cargo carry their own cranes. Crane pedestals, their foundations and the deck around them are worth gauging and crack-testing during a call, because lifting loads concentrate stress exactly where corrosion tends to gather.
Inspection services for ships at Karlshamn
Each service has its own page with the method, the class requirements and what the report contains.
Ultrasonic Thickness Measurement (UTM)
Hull, tank, deck and bulkhead gauging recorded on the class thickness-measurement formats, with sketches and corrosion flagged against the allowable margins.
ExploreSpecial Survey Thickness Measurement
Gauging for the 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25-year special (renewal) surveys and intermediate surveys, plus pre-docking steel estimates.
ExploreCAS (Condition Assessment Scheme)
Thickness measurement and survey support for the IMO Condition Assessment Scheme, and what CAS asks of an older tanker today.
ExploreCAP Thickness Measurement
Gauging and close-up survey data for a Condition Assessment Programme, the voluntary class service charterers ask for on older tankers and bulk carriers.
ExploreESP Gauging
Thickness measurement and close-up survey support for oil tankers, chemical tankers and bulk carriers under the ESP Code.
ExploreHull Structural Integrity
Substantial and excessive corrosion, pitting, grooving, buckling and fatigue cracks, with magnetic particle and penetrant crack detection.
ExploreShip Piping Inspection
Wall-thickness gauging of cargo, ballast, fuel, sea-water and fire-main piping, with minimum-wall checks and isometric sketches.
ExploreScrubber Piping Inspection
EGCS wash-water and overboard discharge piping, the hull penetration area and scrubber welds, checked between dockings.
ExploreIHM (Inventory of Hazardous Materials)
IHM Part I surveys, sampling and maintenance for the EU Ship Recycling Regulation and the Hong Kong Convention.
ExploreMarine NDT Services
Every NDT method we use on ships, from visual inspection and MPI to PAUT and ACFM, chosen by the defect you are looking for.
ExploreKarlshamn: six harbour areas on the Blekinge coast
Karlshamn lies in western Blekinge, where the coast breaks up into low islands and sheltered inlets that protect the harbour from the open Baltic. The port is spread across six harbour areas, with more than three kilometres of quay between them, so ferries, tankers and dry-cargo ships each have their own berths and rarely compete for the same space. The energy port's terminals offer the deepest water, with room for tankers of around a hundred thousand tonnes deadweight, while the dry-cargo quays suit handysize and smaller ships. A rail terminal able to take long freight trains links the port with inland Sweden, which is a large part of why Karlshamn handles forest products and containers in the volumes it does. Pilots from the Swedish Maritime Administration bring ships in through the islands, and towage is arranged to suit the ship and the berth.
The port's traffic reflects the industries around it as much as its location. Ro-pax and ro-ro ships connect Karlshamn with Klaipėda in Lithuania, carrying trailers, cars and passengers. The energy port handles petroleum products, chemicals, LPG and vegetable oils, the last of these tied to the town's long-established edible-oil industry, which brings small chemical and vegetable-oil tankers on regular voyages. At the dry-cargo quays, forest products, containers and project cargo are loaded and discharged, and the port has a large mobile crane for heavy pieces. The result is a mix of ferries, tankers of several types, feeders, general cargo ships and heavy-lift vessels, managed from all around the Baltic and North Sea. Few ports of this size see such a spread of ship types in a single week, and each brings a different inspection problem.
Karlshamn is on the southern Baltic, where ice is uncommon, but the sheltered archipelago waters can freeze in a severe winter, and the Swedish Maritime Administration then provides icebreaker assistance and may set ice-class traffic restrictions. Summer brings more passengers on the Klaipėda ferries; the freight traffic runs year-round, and so do the tanker calls at the energy port, which are set by the terminals' supply programmes rather than by the seasons. Gauging requests come from all three fleets. Ferry operators want vehicle decks and doors checked before dockings, tanker managers want ballast tanks and decks measured ahead of vetting or surveys, and owners of general cargo and heavy-lift ships ask for holds, hatch covers and crane foundations to be gauged during calls that often last a day or more.
Ferry berth, energy terminals and dry-cargo quays
Karlshamn has no drydock, so the work is done afloat at the berth where the ship is working cargo. At the ferry berth, the turnaround between arrival and departure gives a window for targeted measurements on vehicle decks and machinery piping, and lay-over days give more. At the energy terminals the terminal's safety rules apply in full: equipment must be suitable for hazardous zones, enclosed spaces are entered only on the ship's permit with the right gas readings, and cargo operations take priority. The dry-cargo quays are the easiest places to work, because holds, hatch covers, decks and cranes can be reached once the area is clear of cargo handling.
For dockings, the Klaipėda ferries can use ship-repair yards at the Lithuanian end of their own route, which saves a ballast passage; tankers and cargo ships dock wherever their owners have arrangements, often in Poland, Lithuania, Denmark or Germany. Readings taken during a Karlshamn call can go straight into the yard specification, and our team can travel to the yard to finish the programme.
- Ro-pax berth for the Klaipėda route — trailer-deck, ramp and stern door gauging, with machinery piping measured during turnarounds and lay-overs.
- Energy port terminals — ballast tank, void-space and deck readings on product, chemical, LPG and vegetable-oil tankers, within terminal approval.
- Dry-cargo and forest-product quays — hold, tank-top and hatch coaming gauging on general cargo and multipurpose ships.
- Container quay — ballast tank and deck work on feeders within the call window.
- Project cargo berth — crane pedestal, foundation and adjacent deck gauging, with magnetic particle testing of pedestal welds on heavy-lift ships.
- The ship's docking yard — the team mobilised to Klaipėda or another yard to complete renewal-survey gauging.
Thickness measurement through the survey cycle at Karlshamn
Class rules set the survey cycle, and the cycle sets how much gauging a ship needs. A superintendent planning a call at Karlshamn usually knows which survey is due; the table shows what the thickness measurement for each one typically involves. The exact extent comes from the class rules for the ship type and the surveyor attending, so the thickness measurement programme is agreed with the class before work starts.
| Survey | When it falls | What the thickness measurement usually covers |
|---|---|---|
| Annual survey | Every year, within three months of the anniversary date | General examination. Gauging where the surveyor finds suspect areas or where substantial corrosion was recorded at an earlier survey. |
| Intermediate survey | In place of the second or third annual survey | Suspect areas, and on older ships and ESP ships selected ballast and cargo spaces with close-up survey; the extent grows with age. |
| Renewal survey No. 1 | Around 5 years | The first full baseline: suspect areas and selected plating and stiffeners, usually with modest steel renewal. |
| Renewal survey No. 2 | Around 10 years | Wider gauging of deck, bottom and side plating, transverse sections across the cargo area on ESP ships, and more close-up survey. |
| Renewal survey No. 3 | Around 15 years | Extensive gauging of cargo and ballast tank structure and more transverse sections. The survey most likely to turn up steel renewal. |
| Renewal survey No. 4 and later | Around 20 and 25 years | Gauging extended to most structural members in cargo and ballast spaces. Charterers often add a Condition Assessment Programme. |
| Docking survey | Twice in each five-year period | Bottom and side shell, sea chests, rudder and stern area while the hull is dry; suspect bottom plating gauged. |
Rules for ferries, chemical tankers and gas carriers in Karlshamn
Foreign ships in Karlshamn are inspected by the Swedish Transport Agency under the Paris MoU. The Klaipėda ro-pax ships also fall under the EU inspection regime for ro-pax ships in regular service between member states, and because both ends of the route are EU ports, their voyages count in full under the EU ETS and FuelEU Maritime. Tankers of different kinds follow different survey rules. Oil and chemical tankers are subject to the Enhanced Survey Programme, with gauging that grows at each renewal survey. Gas carriers built to the IGC Code are not covered by ESP but have their own class requirements for hull and cargo containment, and an LPG carrier's pressurised or refrigerated cargo tanks are not entered during a normal call.
Vegetable-oil and chemical tankers often have stainless steel or specially coated cargo tanks, and their ballast tanks, cofferdams and deck structure age like those of any other tanker. On such ships, in-port gauging is about the hull structure around the cargo system rather than the cargo tanks themselves. Ships calling at EU ports carry an Inventory of Hazardous Materials under the EU Ship Recycling Regulation. Ferries and other ships that trade further north in winter keep their Finnish-Swedish ice class, and their ice belts warrant a separate section in the TM plan.
Ships trading to Karlshamn are inside a sulphur emission control area, where fuel must not exceed 0.10% sulphur unless an exhaust gas cleaning system (scrubber) is fitted. Scrubber wash-water piping, the overboard discharge and the hull penetration around it are among the fastest-corroding parts of a modern ship, so they belong in the gauging scope at every docking and, on open-loop systems, between dockings.
Typical gauging jobs in Karlshamn
Karlshamn work splits between ferries, tankers and dry-cargo ships, so scopes range from a narrow piping check on a ro-pax ship to a full hold survey on a general cargo vessel. Ferry work is scheduled around the timetable and the operator's docking plan; tanker work is agreed with the terminal through the agent before the team arrives; dry-cargo work follows the loading or discharge sequence. In every case we agree the order of work with the ship's officers so that the most important readings are taken first, and report them to the superintendent before the ship sails, with the formal report following on the agreed formats. Typical jobs:
- Trailer-deck plating, drainage gutters and stern ramp structure on a Klaipėda ro-pax ship, measured during a lay-over to prepare her docking specification.
- Ballast tank and cofferdam gauging on a vegetable-oil tanker at the energy port, ahead of a renewal survey.
- Deck plating and pipe-support structure on an LPG carrier discharging at the terminal, with cargo tanks left untouched.
- Hold, tank-top and hatch coaming readings on a general cargo ship loading forest products for export.
- Crane pedestal and foundation gauging with magnetic particle testing on a heavy-lift ship discharging project cargo.
How a thickness measurement job runs at Karlshamn
The sequence for a thickness measurement job at Karlshamn is short and written down, so the yard, the surveyor and the superintendent know who arranges what.
Copenhagen Airport is the main international gateway, with regional trains running along the coast through Skåne and Blekinge to Karlshamn. Ronneby Airport, a short drive east, has domestic flights. The ferry terminal, energy port and cargo quays are ISPS-controlled, and the energy terminals add their own safety induction, so the agent registers the technicians in advance and arranges passes. The team travels from India on Schengen visas, and the agent keeps us informed of berthing changes so mobilisation matches the ship's actual arrival.
- Send the vessel name or IMO number, ship type, class society, the survey due (annual, intermediate, renewal survey number, CAP or owner's condition survey), the port and dates, and the scope you expect.
- We confirm the scope against the class rules for that survey, prepare the thickness measurement plan with frame and section references, and say whether the measurement will be credited to a class survey.
- Mobilisation is planned around visa lead times and the vessel's schedule; the ship's agent arranges port access, and the yard or ship arranges staging, lighting, ventilation and gas-free certificates.
- Gauging with calibrated ultrasonic thickness gauges: through sound coatings only where the gauge's through-coating mode has been verified on a coated reference, otherwise on cleaned bare steel, with every reading tied to its frame, strake and location on the sketch.
- Readings are compared with original thicknesses as work proceeds; substantial and excessive corrosion and any cracks are reported to the attending surveyor and the superintendent the same day.
- The final report is issued on the class thickness-measurement formats with sketches, a summary of locations exceeding the allowable margins, piping tables where piping was in scope, and the gauge calibration and technician certificates.
Who does the work, and when class approval applies
We send the team from India to the ship for each job rather than keeping staff at the port, and plan the mobilisation around visas and the vessel's itinerary. The work is planned and supervised by the founder, our Responsible NDT Level III (ASNT NDT Level III in UT, RT, MT, PT and VT, with more than eleven years of international field experience). Technicians hold certification under the company's written practice to ASNT SNT-TC-1A; Atlantis is ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 certified.
Thickness measurement that a classification society credits to a class survey has to be carried out by a firm approved by that society under IACS UR Z17. Atlantis is in the process of obtaining UR Z17 approval from DNV, Lloyd's Register and ABS. Until a certificate is issued, the readings we take are for the owner's own decisions, not for credit to a class survey, so tell us the vessel's class and the survey due when you enquire and we set the scope for the right purpose. Owner's and charterer's condition gauging, pre-docking steel estimates, pre-purchase and on-hire or off-hire gauging, and scrubber and piping condition checks between surveys do not need class approval.
Governing codes and standards
- IACS UR Z7 hull classification surveys
- IACS UR Z10.1 to Z10.5 (oil tankers, bulk carriers, chemical tankers, double-hull and double-skin ships)
- IACS UR Z17 approval of service suppliers
- SOLAS chapter XI-1 regulation 2 and the 2011 ESP Code
- MARPOL Annex VI regulation 14 and the 2021 EGCS Guidelines (MEPC.340(77))
- The rules of the vessel's classification society
What you receive
- Thickness measurement report on the class formats, with sketches
- Summary of substantial and excessive corrosion against allowable margins
- Pitting and grooving records with depth and extent
- Piping wall-thickness tables with isometric sketches
- Magnetic particle or penetrant crack-detection reports
- Gauge calibration records and technician certificates
Industries served
- Ro-pax ferries
- Ro-ro freight ships
- Product tankers
- Chemical and vegetable-oil tankers
- LPG carriers
- Container feeder ships
- General cargo and multipurpose ships
- Heavy-lift project cargo ships
Frequently asked questions
Can a Klaipėda ferry be gauged during her Karlshamn turnaround?
A targeted scope can. Vehicle-deck areas that can be kept clear, voids and machinery piping are reachable in a normal turnaround, and a lay-over day allows more. Ballast tanks need to be emptied, ventilated and certified safe, which usually means planning them for a lay-over or the docking. We agree the scope with the operator's technical department and the chief officer in advance.
What can be measured on an LPG carrier at the Karlshamn terminal?
Deck plating and stiffeners, pipe supports, ballast tanks certified safe for entry, voids outside the cargo containment, and the engine room. The cargo tanks themselves are pressurised or refrigerated and are not opened in port. Any equipment used in hazardous areas must be accepted by the terminal and the ship, and work is agreed through the agent before the ship berths.
Are vegetable-oil tankers gauged differently from oil tankers?
The hull structure is gauged in the same way: ballast tanks, cofferdams, deck and shell. Cargo tanks on vegetable-oil and chemical tankers are often stainless steel or specially coated, and are only entered when cleaned and certified gas-free. Stainless steel needs the gauge calibrated for its sound velocity, which we do on a suitable reference block before measuring.
Why gauge crane pedestals on project cargo ships?
A ship's crane pedestal and its foundation carry the full lifting load into the hull, and water and dirt collecting around the base encourage corrosion. Thickness readings on the pedestal shell and the deck structure beneath it, combined with magnetic particle testing of the welds, show whether the structure is still fit for heavy lifts before the next project cargo is taken on.
Where do ships from Karlshamn go for docking?
There is no drydock at Karlshamn. The Klaipėda ferries can dock at yards at the Lithuanian end of their route, and other ships dock where their owners have arrangements, often in Poland, Lithuania, Denmark or Germany. Readings taken here are tied to the TM plan, so the yard and class surveyor can use them, and our team can travel on to the docking yard.
Does thickness measurement at Karlshamn need class approval?
Thickness measurement that a classification society credits to a class survey has to be carried out by a firm approved by that society under IACS UR Z17. Atlantis is in the process of obtaining UR Z17 approval from DNV, Lloyd's Register and ABS. Until a certificate is issued, the readings we take are for the owner's own decisions, not for credit to a class survey, so tell us the vessel's class and the survey due when you enquire and we set the scope for the right purpose. Owner's and charterer's condition gauging, pre-docking steel estimates, pre-purchase and on-hire or off-hire gauging, and scrubber and piping condition checks between surveys do not need class approval.
Planning a survey or a drydock?
Send the vessel name or IMO number, the class, the survey due and the port. We reply with the scope, the mobilisation plan and a quote for that vessel.
Request a QuoteRequest a ship gauging quote
Send the vessel name or IMO number, the class society, the survey due and the port. We reply with the scope, the mobilisation plan and a quote for that vessel.
Speak to an ASNT NDT Level III
Atlantis NDT provides ASNT Level III consulting, NDT training to ASNT SNT-TC-1A, inspection management software and independent report validation. Request a free consultation and we will return a tailored quote — affordable, accessible and fully customizable to your programme.