Maritime inspection · Denmark

Thickness Gauging for Refinery Tankers and Bulk Carriers at Kalundborg

Kalundborg, on the west coast of Zealand, is an industrial harbour built around a refinery, a power station and some of Denmark's largest process plants. Crude and product tankers use the refinery's jetty, bulk carriers serve the power station and the town's industry, and ro-ro and general cargo ships work the public quays, with a ferry to Samsø adding local traffic. Long tanker and bulk stays here give realistic gauging windows. For each job, Atlantis sends technicians from India to join the ship at her berth.

Tankers at the refinery jetty

Crude oil reaches the Kalundborg refinery by sea and refined products leave on smaller tankers. While cargo is worked, cargo tanks stay shut, but segregated ballast tanks, the forepeak, void spaces and deck structure can often be measured with the terminal's agreement.

Raw materials for an industrial cluster

Kalundborg's process plants and power station are linked in the well-known Kalundborg Symbiosis, and many of their bulk inputs arrive by sea. Bulk carriers discharging at the industrial quays give access to their holds one at a time as each is emptied.

Close to the Great Belt route

Kalundborg lies a short way off the deep-water route that large ships follow between the Kattegat and the Great Belt. Superintendents with ships trading through Danish waters can use a Kalundborg call for readings without a long deviation from the voyage.

Inspection services for ships at Kalundborg

Each service has its own page with the method, the class requirements and what the report contains.

Ultrasonic Thickness Measurement (UTM)

Hull, tank, deck and bulkhead gauging recorded on the class thickness-measurement formats, with sketches and corrosion flagged against the allowable margins.

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Special Survey Thickness Measurement

Gauging for the 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25-year special (renewal) surveys and intermediate surveys, plus pre-docking steel estimates.

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CAS (Condition Assessment Scheme)

Thickness measurement and survey support for the IMO Condition Assessment Scheme, and what CAS asks of an older tanker today.

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CAP Thickness Measurement

Gauging and close-up survey data for a Condition Assessment Programme, the voluntary class service charterers ask for on older tankers and bulk carriers.

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ESP Gauging

Thickness measurement and close-up survey support for oil tankers, chemical tankers and bulk carriers under the ESP Code.

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Hull Structural Integrity

Substantial and excessive corrosion, pitting, grooving, buckling and fatigue cracks, with magnetic particle and penetrant crack detection.

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Ship Piping Inspection

Wall-thickness gauging of cargo, ballast, fuel, sea-water and fire-main piping, with minimum-wall checks and isometric sketches.

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Scrubber Piping Inspection

EGCS wash-water and overboard discharge piping, the hull penetration area and scrubber welds, checked between dockings.

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IHM (Inventory of Hazardous Materials)

IHM Part I surveys, sampling and maintenance for the EU Ship Recycling Regulation and the Hong Kong Convention.

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Marine NDT Services

Every NDT method we use on ships, from visual inspection and MPI to PAUT and ACFM, chosen by the defect you are looking for.

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Kalundborg's fjord harbour on Zealand's west coast

Kalundborg stands at the head of Kalundborg Fjord, an inlet sheltered by the Røsnæs peninsula to the north and the Asnæs peninsula to the south, opening westwards towards the Great Belt and the Kattegat. The fjord is naturally deep, which is one reason a refinery and a power station were built on its shores and why large ships can berth close to industry without a long dredged approach. The large-ship route through the Great Belt passes a short distance offshore, so tankers and bulk carriers reach the port with only a brief turn away from their passage. Ice is rare in the fjord, and with the small tidal range of these waters, berthing is governed by wind and pilotage rather than by the tide.

The refinery, owned since 2021 by the Klesch Group after decades under Statoil and Equinor, receives crude by tanker and ships out refined products, and it is the largest single source of tanker calls. At Asnæs, the power station has moved from coal to biomass, bringing wood-fuel and other bulk deliveries by sea. Novo Nordisk, Novonesis and other process plants form the core of the Kalundborg Symbiosis, a network in which surplus energy, water and by-products pass between companies, and the public port handles bulk, project cargo and ro-ro traffic for them and for the wider region. The ferry to Samsø completes the picture, running a regular service across the water to the island and keeping its own timetable at the ferry berth.

Port stays follow the industries they serve. A crude tanker discharging at the refinery stays for the length of her pumping, product tankers berth for loading, and bulk carriers delivering to the power station or the process plants discharge over one or more days depending on cargo and equipment. Ro-ro ships and the Samsø ferry run to timetables. For inspection, the long bulk and tanker stays are the most useful, while the refinery's safety regime and the industrial sites' own rules shape how work is organised aboard and on the quay. A tanker kept waiting for her berth, or held alongside after cargo while documents or orders are settled, can give extra hours that a prepared scope can put to good use.

Where gauging is done at Kalundborg

Kalundborg is an industrial harbour rather than a repair port, so ships are gauged afloat at their working berths. At the refinery jetty, the terminal's rules govern everything the team brings and does: equipment is cleared in advance, enclosed-space entry follows the ship's permit system, and work on deck keeps away from the manifold during cargo transfer. The bulk quays give more freedom. Holds can be measured as each one is emptied and swept during discharge, and on a ship loading at the port the ballast tanks become reachable once they have been pumped out and the crew has ventilated them.

Ships trading to Kalundborg go elsewhere for dry-docking. Fayard at Lindø on Funen is the closest large repair yard, a short passage across the Great Belt, and Ørskov Yard in Frederikshavn and yards in Poland and Germany are other common choices. Measuring ballast tanks and deck during a Kalundborg call before a docking lets the superintendent give the yard a firmer steel estimate. Ships lying at a waiting berth for cargo or between charters are the best candidates for longer pre-purchase or condition gauging, since the crew can open spaces in turn without cargo work getting in the way.

  • Refinery crude and product jetty — ballast tank, forepeak, void-space and deck gauging on tankers during cargo operations, under terminal rules.
  • Power station bulk quay at Asnæs — hold and tank-top readings on bulk carriers discharging biomass fuel.
  • Public port bulk and project quays — holds, ballast tanks and deck on bulk and general cargo ships alongside.
  • Ro-ro berths — vehicle-deck, ramp and ballast tank measurement on ro-ro ships during scheduled port time.
  • Waiting berths in the harbour — pre-purchase and on-hire condition gauging on idle ships.
  • Fayard dry docks, Lindø — shell and bottom gauging when a Kalundborg trader goes to dock on Funen.

Thickness measurement through the survey cycle at Kalundborg

Every renewal survey asks for more thickness measurement than the last, and for oil tankers, chemical tankers and bulk carriers the ESP Code adds close-up survey on top. The table is the usual shape of the work; the class rules and the surveyor set the exact extent, which is why the measurement plan for a job at Kalundborg is agreed in writing before mobilisation.

SurveyWhen it fallsWhat the thickness measurement usually covers
Annual surveyEvery year, within three months of the anniversary dateGeneral examination. Gauging where the surveyor finds suspect areas or where substantial corrosion was recorded at an earlier survey.
Intermediate surveyIn place of the second or third annual surveySuspect areas, and on older ships and ESP ships selected ballast and cargo spaces with close-up survey; the extent grows with age.
Renewal survey No. 1Around 5 yearsThe first full baseline: suspect areas and selected plating and stiffeners, usually with modest steel renewal.
Renewal survey No. 2Around 10 yearsWider gauging of deck, bottom and side plating, transverse sections across the cargo area on ESP ships, and more close-up survey.
Renewal survey No. 3Around 15 yearsExtensive gauging of cargo and ballast tank structure and more transverse sections. The survey most likely to turn up steel renewal.
Renewal survey No. 4 and laterAround 20 and 25 yearsGauging extended to most structural members in cargo and ballast spaces. Charterers often add a Condition Assessment Programme.
Docking surveyTwice in each five-year periodBottom and side shell, sea chests, rudder and stern area while the hull is dry; suspect bottom plating gauged.

Refinery tankers, vetting and port state control at Kalundborg

Port state control in Kalundborg is the work of the Danish Maritime Authority under the Paris MoU, and tankers calling at a refinery attract attention from several directions at once. Alongside the PSC risk profile, charterers and the terminal's ship-acceptance process look at vetting reports and the ship's structural history, and a tanker with recent corrosion findings may be asked for evidence of repairs or fresh measurements before she is fixed again. Thickness readings set out against the allowable diminution for each member are the kind of evidence those reviews look for.

Kalundborg's industry is also in transition. The Symbiosis companies are investing in lower-carbon production, the power station has left coal behind, and EU climate rules now reach shipping through the ETS, applied from 2024, and FuelEU Maritime, applied from 2025. Ships of 500 GT and above that call at Danish ports must also carry a valid Inventory of Hazardous Materials under the EU Ship Recycling Regulation. For owners of older tankers and bulk carriers on Danish and Baltic trades, these rules change the case for keeping ageing ships, and gauging data from a Kalundborg call helps show whether the next renewal survey is worth the steel it will demand.

Ships trading to Kalundborg are inside a sulphur emission control area, where fuel must not exceed 0.10% sulphur unless an exhaust gas cleaning system (scrubber) is fitted. Scrubber wash-water piping, the overboard discharge and the hull penetration around it are among the fastest-corroding parts of a modern ship, so they belong in the gauging scope at every docking and, on open-loop systems, between dockings.

Typical gauging at Kalundborg

Kalundborg jobs are usually built around a cargo operation. For a tanker, the scope is set by what the ship can make gas-free during her stay at the jetty; for a bulk carrier, by the order in which holds come free during discharge and the time left before she sails. The superintendent fixes the list, the crew prepares the spaces, and the team works through them with readings reported as each is finished, so an owner can decide on repairs, further inspection or a docking while the ship is still in port. Renewal-survey programmes for these ships are normally completed at the docking yard, with Kalundborg used for preparatory readings. Examples:

  • Segregated ballast tank and forepeak gauging on a crude tanker discharging at the refinery, ahead of her renewal survey docking.
  • Measurement of deck cargo lines and their supports on a product tanker lifting refinery output, at a charterer's request.
  • Hold frame and tank-top gauging on a bulk carrier discharging wood fuel for the power station.
  • Ramp and vehicle-deck measurement with crack detection at the hinges on a ro-ro ship during scheduled port time.
  • On-hire condition gauging on a product tanker lying at a waiting berth before delivery to a new charterer.

How a thickness measurement job runs at Kalundborg

Most of the work on a Kalundborg job happens before the team boards: scope, plan and access are settled first, so the time on board goes on measurement.

Copenhagen Airport is the natural arrival point for Kalundborg, with a regional rail line running west across Zealand to the town and road transfers as an alternative. The refinery jetty and industrial quays sit behind ISPS-controlled gates, and the refinery adds its own safety induction, so the ship's agent passes the team's details to the terminal in advance. Technicians come from India on Schengen visas, and because tanker berthing windows can shift, we confirm travel against the agent's latest berthing prospect rather than the first estimate.

  • Send the vessel name or IMO number, ship type, class society, the survey due (annual, intermediate, renewal survey number, CAP or owner's condition survey), the port and dates, and the scope you expect.
  • We confirm the scope against the class rules for that survey, prepare the thickness measurement plan with frame and section references, and say whether the measurement will be credited to a class survey.
  • Mobilisation is planned around visa lead times and the vessel's schedule; the ship's agent arranges port access, and the yard or ship arranges staging, lighting, ventilation and gas-free certificates.
  • Gauging with calibrated ultrasonic thickness gauges: through sound coatings only where the gauge's through-coating mode has been verified on a coated reference, otherwise on cleaned bare steel, with every reading tied to its frame, strake and location on the sketch.
  • Readings are compared with original thicknesses as work proceeds; substantial and excessive corrosion and any cracks are reported to the attending surveyor and the superintendent the same day.
  • The final report is issued on the class thickness-measurement formats with sketches, a summary of locations exceeding the allowable margins, piping tables where piping was in scope, and the gauge calibration and technician certificates.

Who does the work, and when class approval applies

The inspection team is mobilised from India for each job; nobody is stationed at the port, so mobilisation is planned against the vessel's schedule and visa lead times. Our founder and Responsible NDT Level III, who holds ASNT NDT Level III in UT, RT, MT, PT and VT and has over eleven years of international field experience, plans and supervises the work. Technicians are certified under the company's written practice to ASNT SNT-TC-1A, and the company holds ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 certification.

Thickness measurement that a classification society credits to a class survey has to be carried out by a firm approved by that society under IACS UR Z17. Atlantis is in the process of obtaining UR Z17 approval from DNV, Lloyd's Register and ABS. Until a certificate is issued, the readings we take are for the owner's own decisions, not for credit to a class survey, so tell us the vessel's class and the survey due when you enquire and we set the scope for the right purpose. Owner's and charterer's condition gauging, pre-docking steel estimates, pre-purchase and on-hire or off-hire gauging, and scrubber and piping condition checks between surveys do not need class approval.

Governing codes and standards

  • IACS UR Z7 hull classification surveys
  • IACS UR Z10.1 to Z10.5 (oil tankers, bulk carriers, chemical tankers, double-hull and double-skin ships)
  • IACS UR Z17 approval of service suppliers
  • SOLAS chapter XI-1 regulation 2 and the 2011 ESP Code
  • MARPOL Annex VI regulation 14 and the 2021 EGCS Guidelines (MEPC.340(77))
  • The rules of the vessel's classification society

What you receive

  • Thickness measurement report on the class formats, with sketches
  • Summary of substantial and excessive corrosion against allowable margins
  • Pitting and grooving records with depth and extent
  • Piping wall-thickness tables with isometric sketches
  • Magnetic particle or penetrant crack-detection reports
  • Gauge calibration records and technician certificates

Industries served

  • Crude oil tankers
  • Product tankers
  • Bulk carriers
  • Ro-ro cargo ships
  • General cargo and project cargo ships
  • Coasters
  • Ro-pax ferry on the Samsø route

Frequently asked questions

What can be gauged on a tanker at the Kalundborg refinery jetty?

Spaces outside the cargo system that the ship can certify safe: segregated ballast tanks, the forepeak, void spaces and cofferdams, and deck plating away from the manifold. Cargo tanks stay closed while the ship is working cargo. Every item, from the gauges to the route along the deck, is agreed in advance with the master and the terminal, and the work pauses whenever the terminal's operations require it.

How do Kalundborg readings feed into a later docking?

Each reading is tied to a frame, strake and location on the TM plan, so the yard and the attending surveyor can use a Kalundborg set of readings directly when the ship docks, whether at Fayard on Funen, in Poland or further afield. The steel estimate built from those readings can go into the yard specification before arrival, and the team can rejoin the ship in dock to finish the shell and bottom.

Can bulk carriers discharging biomass be gauged hold by hold?

Yes, once each hold has been emptied and cleaned enough for the steel to be seen and prepared. Wood pellets and chips leave dust and residues that have to be removed at the reading points, so the crew's cleaning and the stevedores' sequence decide when each hold is ready. Frames, brackets, hopper plating and the tank top are the usual focus on these ships.

Does the Kalundborg Symbiosis affect access to the quays?

Indirectly. The industrial sites around the harbour run their own safety and access systems on top of the port's ISPS controls, and some quays serve a single plant. The ship's agent knows which rules apply at each berth and arranges passes and inductions for the team, so we ask for the berth name as early as possible when planning the job and adjust the team's paperwork to match.

Does thickness measurement at Kalundborg need class approval?

Thickness measurement that a classification society credits to a class survey has to be carried out by a firm approved by that society under IACS UR Z17. Atlantis is in the process of obtaining UR Z17 approval from DNV, Lloyd's Register and ABS. Until a certificate is issued, the readings we take are for the owner's own decisions, not for credit to a class survey, so tell us the vessel's class and the survey due when you enquire and we set the scope for the right purpose. Owner's and charterer's condition gauging, pre-docking steel estimates, pre-purchase and on-hire or off-hire gauging, and scrubber and piping condition checks between surveys do not need class approval.

Planning a survey or a drydock?

Send the vessel name or IMO number, the class, the survey due and the port. We reply with the scope, the mobilisation plan and a quote for that vessel.

Request a Quote

Request a ship gauging quote

Send the vessel name or IMO number, the class society, the survey due and the port. We reply with the scope, the mobilisation plan and a quote for that vessel.








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